Cognate
To be a cognate of something is to have a similar origin, nature or quality.
POS: adjective or noun
http://www.flickr.com/photo_zoom.gne?id=322122255&size=l
Sentence: Paulie is the most cognate student when it comes to using the new vocabulary words correctly.
Related words: Latin etymology cognatus, alike, related
Derivative
A derivate of a word contains the same root.
POS: Noun or adjective
http://www.theworldsgreatbooks.com/images/Science/darwin%20-%20descent.jpg
Sentence: An English derivative of the Latin verb “Dar” is, donate.
Related words: Etymology, Source, Descent
Inflection
Inflection is the discrepancy in how a word is said and how it is meant.
POS: Noun
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Sentence: Although it was meant to be a compliment, his inflection was sarcastic.
Related words: accent, emphasis, intonation
Orthography
The way of writing words with the right letters, usage and spelling.
POS: Noun
http://img.epinions.com/images/opti/40/02/1572304693-books-resized200.jpg
Sentence: He choose to major in English, particularly studying in orthography.
Related words: Middle English ortografie, from Anglo-French, from Latin orthographia
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